Living with primary Sjögren’s can be challenging. This autoimmune disease affects the body’s moisture-producing glands (such as the eyes and mouth), but also has “whole-body” effects that go beyond dryness. Many women with Sjögren’s also experience depression, anxiety, and fatigue — and new research is helping us understand why.
What did the study look at?
A team of researchers in Croatia studied 60 women with primary Sjögren’s to explore whether certain inflammation markers in the blood are linked to depression and anxiety.
They measured:
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Inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen, ferritin, rheumatoid factor, complement proteins (C3, C4), and especially interleukin-6 (IL-6)
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Disease activity and patient symptoms using special scoring tools (ESSDAI and ESSPRI)
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Mental health using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale
Key findings
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Depression was common: 39 out of 60 patients had signs of depression
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Anxiety was also frequent: 34 out of 60 patients had anxiety symptoms
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IL-6 stood out: Women with depression or anxiety had higher levels of IL-6, a pro-inflammatory cytokine
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IL-6 was an independent predictor of depression – meaning women with higher IL-6 levels were more likely to experience depression
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Fatigue predicted anxiety: Higher fatigue scores were strongly linked with anxiety symptoms
What does IL-6 mean?
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a chemical messenger in the immune system. It plays a role in inflammation and the immune response. In people with autoimmune diseases like Sjögren’s, IL-6 levels are often elevated. This study suggests IL-6 may also influence the brain and mood, contributing to depression.
Why does this matter for patients?
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Depression and anxiety are part of the disease – They are not “just in your head.” This research shows that inflammation in the body may directly affect mental health.
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Blood markers may guide treatment – If IL-6 is a reliable predictor of depression, doctors might one day use it as a biomarker to identify patients at higher risk.
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Fatigue needs more attention – Severe fatigue is not only exhausting but may also trigger or worsen anxiety in women with .
Practical takeaways
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If you live with Sjögren’s Disease and notice symptoms of depression or anxiety, it’s important to talk to your rheumatologist or GP.
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Managing inflammation could help not only with physical symptoms but also with mental well-being.
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Lifestyle habits that reduce inflammation—such as balanced nutrition, good sleep, gentle physical activity, and stress management—may provide additional support.
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Mental health care (therapy, medication when needed, support groups) is an important part of whole-person care in autoimmune conditions.
Final thoughts
This study highlights how immune system changes and mental health are closely connected in women with Sjögren’s. By paying attention to both inflammation and emotional health, patients and doctors can work together for better outcomes.
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